What kind of energy transformation occurs in a light bulb?

In a light bulb, electrical energy is transformed into thermal energy, which then produces light. When electricity flows through the filament or LED of the bulb, the resistance of the material causes it to heat up. This heat is a form of thermal energy. As the filament gets hot enough, it begins to emit light energy, making the bulb illuminate. This process primarily demonstrates the transformation from electrical energy to thermal energy, which subsequently leads to light production.

The other options refer to different types of energy transformations that do not occur in a light bulb, such as kinetic energy to electrical energy, which is related to generators, or chemical energy to light, which is relevant in chemical reactions like combustion. Gravitational to kinetic energy transformations pertain to objects in motion due to gravity, such as falling objects, and have no relevance to the functioning of a light bulb. Therefore, the energy transformation in a light bulb is accurately represented by the conversion of electrical energy to thermal energy.