What is the formula to calculate impulse?

Impulse is defined as the change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a certain period of time. The relationship between impulse and force can be expressed mathematically with the formula:

Impulse = F∆t

In this formula, F represents the average force applied to the object, and ∆t represents the time duration during which the force is applied. Thus, impulse quantifies the effect of a force acting over a time interval, and it is equal to the product of the force and the time period, which effectively gives us the change in momentum.

The other options represent different physical concepts but do not accurately describe impulse. For instance, momentum can be calculated with mass and velocity (mv), but this would not convey the relationship of force and time inherent in the concept of impulse.